Espectroscopia de absorção de intracavidade com lasers de fibra dopada com Er3+

Mestrado em Engenharia FísicaEspectroscopia de absorção de intracavidade com um laser de banda larga de fibra dopada com Er3+ é aplicada para medidas resolvidas no tempo de moléculas de CO2 revelando informações quantitativas sobre a concentração do gás exalado na respiração humana. A gama espectral das medições estende-se de 1.52 μm – 1.61 μm através da deslocação da lente de intracavidade. Com um laser pulsado aplicado nesta experiência, a sensibilidade à absorção corresponde a um comprimento do percurso de absorção efectiva de 6 km assumindo que a cavidade está completamente preenchida com a amostra. O aumento da sensibilidade é alcançada através da construção de um laser de configuração em anel unidirecional. O comprimento do percurso de absorção efectiva é aumentado por um factor de três comparando com uma configuração linear com o mesmo comprimento da cavidade.Intracavity absorption spectroscopy with a broadband Er3+-doped fiber laser is applied for time-resolved measurements of CO2 molecules revealing quantitative information about the gas concentration in exhaled human breath. The spectral range of measurements extends from 1.52 to 1.61 μm by moving an intracavity lens. With a pulsed laser applied in this experiment, the sensitivity to absorption corresponds to an effective absorption path length of 6 km assuming the cavity is completely filled with the sample. Sensitivity enhancement is achieved by employing an unidirectional ring laser. The effective absorption path length is enhanced by a factor of three compared to a linear configuration with the same cavity length

Anomaly Detection in the Artificial Pancreas

The integration of subcutaneous sensing and insulin delivery technologies with novel control strategies has brought closer the development of the Artificial Pancreas. Nevertheless, thought recent developments are aimed at preventing chronic complications and less patient discomfort, few works have addressed the critical issue of performance monitoring of the artificial pancreas as well as detection of abnormal functioning in any of its components. This work presents an anomaly detection monitoring tool using the widely known Clarke Error-Grid to identify functional degradation in the artificial pancreas components and guarantee safetycritical control of blood glucose levels. The effect of imperfect calibration of glucose sensors, time lag between blood glucose concentration and interstitial glucose readings, and excessive variability in glucose levels are evaluated against an expected behavior of the glucose regulation loop achieved through an optimal control policy. Results obtained evidence the feasibility of this novel use of the Clarke error grid as a comprehensive monitoring tool for the artificial pancreas.Sociedad Argentina de Informática e Investigación Operativ

Agent behavior monitoring using optimal action selection and twin gaussian processes

The increasing trend towards delegating complex tasks to autonomous artificial agents in safety-critical socio-technical systems makes agent behavior monitoring of paramount importance. In this work, a probabilistic approach for on-line monitoring using optimal action selection and twin Gaussian processes (TGP) is proposed. A Kullback-Leibler (KL) based metric is proposed to characterize the deviation of an agent behavior (modeled as a controlled stochastic process) to its specification. The optimal behavior specification is obtained using Linearly Solvable Markov Decision Processes (LSMDP) whereby the Bellman equation is made linear through an exponential transformation such that the optimal control policy is obtained in an explicit form.Sociedad Argentina de Informática e Investigación Operativa (SADIO

Agent behavior monitoring using optimal action selection and twin gaussian processes

The increasing trend towards delegating complex tasks to autonomous artificial agents in safety-critical socio-technical systems makes agent behavior monitoring of paramount importance. In this work, a probabilistic approach for on-line monitoring using optimal action selection and twin Gaussian processes (TGP) is proposed. A Kullback-Leibler (KL) based metric is proposed to characterize the deviation of an agent behavior (modeled as a controlled stochastic process) to its specification. The optimal behavior specification is obtained using Linearly Solvable Markov Decision Processes (LSMDP) whereby the Bellman equation is made linear through an exponential transformation such that the optimal control policy is obtained in an explicit form.Sociedad Argentina de Informática e Investigación Operativa (SADIO

Anomaly Detection in the Artificial Pancreas

The integration of subcutaneous sensing and insulin delivery technologies with novel control strategies has brought closer the development of the Artificial Pancreas. Nevertheless, thought recent developments are aimed at preventing chronic complications and less patient discomfort, few works have addressed the critical issue of performance monitoring of the artificial pancreas as well as detection of abnormal functioning in any of its components. This work presents an anomaly detection monitoring tool using the widely known Clarke Error-Grid to identify functional degradation in the artificial pancreas components and guarantee safetycritical control of blood glucose levels. The effect of imperfect calibration of glucose sensors, time lag between blood glucose concentration and interstitial glucose readings, and excessive variability in glucose levels are evaluated against an expected behavior of the glucose regulation loop achieved through an optimal control policy. Results obtained evidence the feasibility of this novel use of the Clarke error grid as a comprehensive monitoring tool for the artificial pancreas.Sociedad Argentina de Informática e Investigación Operativ

Anomaly Detection in the Artificial Pancreas

The integration of subcutaneous sensing and insulin delivery technologies with novel control strategies has brought closer the development of the Artificial Pancreas. Nevertheless, thought recent developments are aimed at preventing chronic complications and less patient discomfort, few works have addressed the critical issue of performance monitoring of the artificial pancreas as well as detection of abnormal functioning in any of its components. This work presents an anomaly detection monitoring tool using the widely known Clarke Error-Grid to identify functional degradation in the artificial pancreas components and guarantee safetycritical control of blood glucose levels. The effect of imperfect calibration of glucose sensors, time lag between blood glucose concentration and interstitial glucose readings, and excessive variability in glucose levels are evaluated against an expected behavior of the glucose regulation loop achieved through an optimal control policy. Results obtained evidence the feasibility of this novel use of the Clarke error grid as a comprehensive monitoring tool for the artificial pancreas.Sociedad Argentina de Informática e Investigación Operativ

Towards the deployment of software defined networks over satellites - an in-laboratory demonstration for GEO satellite services

Traditional satellite communications missions are based on artificial satellites that can communicate with ground stations. This type of network provides wide-area coverage as well as resilient communications. Satellite systems are expected to be merged with the introduction of 5G/6G mobile systems to offer seamless connection and ubiquitous coverage for users worldwide. SDN/NFV are two of the most important enabling technologies for deploying new 5G/6G mobile network architectures, and they are widely used in telecommunications to deliver different services. Its method is based on network softwarization, which abstracts the physical infrastructure by separating the functionality of the hardware. Furthermore, using SDN, it is possible to reconfigure the network in flexible topologies that adapt to the performance necessary at any given time, thereby maximizing resources and lowering costs. SDN/NFV, on the other hand, relies on a strong and continuous network layer to construct a control plane and deploy VNF. However, establishing a stable link is difficult in constellations of several LEO/MEO satellites. TALENT is a software platform created with the purpose of supplying satellite and ground connection by coordinating satellite and terrestrial systems from a single location, developed under the SaTG5 project that defined the integration of satellite solutions for 5G. Regardless of these solutions, a robust testbed is required to help in the discovery of novel protocols for delivering and orchestrating network services over satellite networks that take dynamic network architecture on satellite constellations into account. This thesis addresses the lack of a testbed for deploying VNF via a satellite network, as well as the orchestration and deployment of VNF across various satellite constellations. Its main contribution is an update to TALENT to allow it to work with newer Open Source MANO versions, and a testbed for deploying a VNF across a simulated satellite network based on the OpenSand satellite simulation tool.Objectius de Desenvolupament Sostenible::9 - Indústria, Innovació i Infraestructur

Significado psicológico de vida y muerte en jóvenes

Abstract. The objective was to investigate the psychological meaning of life and death for young people. The investigation was conducted with 60 subjects of both sexes, distributed equally. The technique of natural semantic networks was used and the applications were made collective. It was found that life was defined by women in terms of enjoyment, problems and emotional attachments, in comparison to men who related to life's biological and natural aspects. Regarding death, both groups experienced bereavement stages; however, women manifested these aspects more openly, in contrast to men who mentioned the consequences and favorable aspects of death. The study did not lose sight of the fact that one's conception of life and death depends to a great extent on one's social and cultural context.

Relationship Between Dyslipidemia and Obesity in Children

Purpose: Dyslipidemia is a general term that refers to abnormal levels of lipids. The purpose of this research was to determine the relationship among the nutritional state and the percentage of body fat with the levels of lipids in 10 to 13 year old children living in the city of Durango, Mexico. Method: The study was carried out with 823 elementary school children. The selection was done at random. The biochemical studies were done in a subpopulation of 425 children. Each child underwent the following studies: sociodemographic, anthropometric and corporal composition. After fasting overnight, a venous blood sample was obtained. lipid profile including cholesterol, LDL-C, HDL-C and triglycerides were determined in serum. In order to classify lipid levels we used the reference values suggested by the National Cholesterol Education Program (NCEP). The desirable values were: TC \u3c170 mg\u3e/dl, HDL -C \u3e45 mg/dl, LDL -C \u3c110 mg\u3e/dl and TG \u3c100 mg\u3e/dl. The nutritional state was calculated according the age and sex specific BMI values developed by the CDC. Fat mass content was determined using a bioelectrical impedance analyzer (Tanita TBF-215). Statistical analyses were performed using SPSS14. Results: This study included 428 (52%) boys and 395 (48%) girls. Mean age was 11.5 years. The prevalence of overweight and obesity was 36.7. In the population studied we found abnormal levels of lipids in: cholesterol (41.8%), HDL-C (55.8%), LDL-C (32.3%) and TG (38.5%). The girls showed lower levels of HDL-C than the boys (p \u3c 0.05), the other lipoproteins were not statistical different ( p \u3e 0.05). The lipids levels (TC, LDL-C and TG) were higher in those with a BMI greater than 85 th percentile of BMI, and DHL-C was lower. In those with a body fat greater than 20%, all the lipids levels resulted abnormal. Conclusions: A high risk of dislypidemia was associated with gender, BMI and body fat

Molecular Requirements for Ethanol Differential Allosteric Modulation of Ligand-Gated Ion Channels Based on Selective G Beta Gamma Modulation

It is now believed that the allosteric modulation produced by ethanol in glycine receptors (GlyRs) depends on alcohol binding to discrete sites within the protein structure. Thus, the differential ethanol sensitivity of diverse GlyR isoforms and mutants was explained by the presence of specific residues in putative alcohol pockets. Here, we demonstrate that ethanol sensitivity in two LGIC members, the GlyR adult alpha1 and embryonic alpha2 subunits, can be modified through selective mutations that rescued or impaired Gbetagamma modulation. Even though that both isoforms were able to physically interact with Gbetagamma, only the alpha1 GlyR was functionally modulated by Gbetagamma and pharmacological ethanol concentrations. Remarkably, the simultaneous switching of two transmembrane and a single extracellular residue in alpha2 GlyRs was enough to generate GlyRs modulated by Gbetagamma and low ethanol concentrations. Interestingly, while we found that these TM residues were different to those in the alcohol binding site, the extracellular residue was recently implicated in conformational changes important to generate a pre-open activated state that precedes ion channel gating. Thus, these results support the idea that the differential ethanol sensitivity of these two GlyR isoforms rests on conformational changes in transmembrane and extracellular residues within the ion channel structure rather than in differences in alcohol binding pockets. Our results describe the molecular basis for the differential ethanol sensitivity of two LGIC members based on selective Gbetagamma modulation and provide a new mechanistic framework for allosteric modulations of abuse drugs